Pointing and Puppies

We call our current dog "Biscotti." He is extraordinarily handsome, but not not as social as dogs I lived with earlier in my life.  One thing he does extraordinarily well is how well he follows the invisible path suggested by our fingers when we point. It's almost magical to see. Now, along comes this article, which suggests a co-evolution between dogs and humans, identifying the ability to understand human pointing as a key piece of evidence. The ability to follow a human point seems to be built in. The title: "Puppies Are Born Ready to Communicate With Humans.". Here is an excerpt:

Now, a new study, published today in the journal Current Biology, finds that even 8-week-old puppies with little exposure to humans can understand pointing and show sophisticated levels of social cognition in other tests. On top of that, the study found that each fluffball’s genetic makeup was a strong predictor of its ability to follow a pointed finger to a hidden treat as well as the pup’s tendency to pay attention to human faces.

Emily E. Bray, a psychologist studying animal behavior at the University of Arizona and lead author of the study, says that these feats of canine cognition are about as genetically based, or heritable, as human intelligence. "This all suggests that dogs are biologically prepared for communication with humans," she says.

Finding a genetic basis for dogs’ social intelligence fills in a big unknown in the story of how they became domesticated and could one day help breed better service dogs—which need to be whizzes at reading human cues, says Evan MacLean, a comparative psychologist at the University of Arizona and co-author of the study.

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The Place of Sponges in the Animal Kingdom

I've long been fascinated by the possibility that sponges are our most distant animal ancestor (and see here). With that as context, I recently learned about one of the better science article headlines out there: "Your most distant cousin doesn't even have an anus."

First off, the article reaffirms that sponges are the oldest animals:

The entire history of the animal kingdom is like a long highway, with different species exiting at different points to pursue their own evolutionary paths. And sea sponges got off at the highway's first exit, ending up in the most distant corner of the country.

I heard about this article on the informative and entertaining "Useful Idiots" podcast (co-hosts are Matt Taibbi and Katie Halper). And, as Katie Halper points out, it's also a fascinating article, pointing to research concluding that humans descended from sponges.

Instead of comb jellies, our improved analyses point to sponges as our most distant animal relatives, restoring the traditional, simpler hypothesis of animal evolution," lead author and Trinity University microbiologist Anthony Redmond said in a statement.

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Today’s Gratitude

Evolutionary psychologist Geoffrey Miller's Tweet is worth considering, repeatedly:

How many of these ancestors are there?  Well . . . just move up your family tree 20 generations and you will find more than one million great great great . . . grandparents.  And they all had to find each other and mate at the right time or else you wouldn't be sitting there reading this.  This is one of the many cases where facts are more amazing than any fiction you could ever concoct.

I've long been fascinated by this thought experiment.  Imagine driving along the highway passing your chronologically arranged ancestors, all standing in a line.  What would that be like?  

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